:root {
      --navy:    #0b1f3a;
      --teal:    #0e8c82;
      --teal-lt: #12a89c;
      --gold:    #c8963c;
      --cream:   #f8f5f0;
      --muted:   #6b7280;
      --border:  #e2e8f0;
    }

    *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

    body {
      font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
      background: #fff;
      color: #1a2a3a;
      overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; }

    /* ─── TOP BAR ─── */
    .topbar {
      background: var(--navy);
      font-size: .78rem;
      color: rgba(255,255,255,.7);
      padding: .45rem 0;
    }
    .topbar a { color: rgba(255,255,255,.7); text-decoration: none; }
    .topbar a:hover { color: var(--gold); }
    .topbar .ticker span { color: var(--gold); font-weight: 600; animation: pulse 2s infinite; }
    @keyframes pulse { 0%,100%{opacity:1} 50%{opacity:.5} }

    /* ─── NAVBAR ─── */
    .navbar {
     background: #fff;
     border-bottom: 3px solid var(--teal);
     padding: 3px 0;
     position: sticky;
     top: 0;
     z-index: 1000;
     box-shadow: 0 2px 18px rgba(11, 31, 58, .1);
    }
    .navbar-brand img { height: 81px; }
    .navbar-brand span {
      font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
      font-size: 1.2rem;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: var(--navy);
      line-height: 1.2;
    }
    .navbar-brand small { font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif; font-weight: 400; }
    .nav-link {
     font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--navy) !important;
    padding: .4rem .75rem !important;
    transition: color .2s;
    }
    .nav-link:hover { color: var(--teal) !important; }
    .nav-item .btn-submit {
      background: var(--teal);
      color: #fff !important;
      border-radius: 4px;
      padding: .4rem 1rem !important;
      font-size: .82rem !important;
    }
    .nav-item .btn-submit:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); }
    .dropdown-menu { border: none; box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.12); border-radius: 8px; }
    .dropdown-item { font-size: .83rem; color: var(--navy); padding: .45rem 1.2rem; }
    .dropdown-item:hover { background: var(--cream); color: var(--teal); }
    .dropdown-header { font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--teal); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }

    /* ─── HERO ─── */
    .hero {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, #15376b 60%, #1b4d7e 100%);
      min-height: 520px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
    .hero::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      background-image: radial-gradient(circle at 70% 40%, rgba(14,140,130,.35) 0%, transparent 60%),
                        url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='60' height='60' viewBox='0 0 60 60' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='none' fill-rule='evenodd'%3E%3Cg fill='%23ffffff' fill-opacity='0.03'%3E%3Cpath d='M36 34v-4h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2h-4zm0-30V0h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2V6h4V4h-4zM6 34v-4H4v4H0v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2H6zM6 4V0H4v4H0v2h4v4h2V6h4V4H6z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    }
    .hero-badge {
      display: inline-block;
      background: rgba(200,150,60,.2);
      border: 1px solid rgba(200,150,60,.5);
      color: var(--gold);
      font-size: .75rem;
      font-weight: 600;
      letter-spacing: .1em;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      padding: .3rem .9rem;
      border-radius: 20px;
      margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    }
    .hero h1 {
      font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem);
      color: #fff;
      line-height: 1.2;
      margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    .hero h1 em { color: var(--gold); font-style: normal; }
    .hero p { color: rgba(255,255,255,.75); font-size: 1.05rem; max-width: 520px; line-height: 1.7; }
    .hero .btn-hero-primary {
      background: var(--teal);
      color: #fff;
      border: none;
      padding: .8rem 2rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-weight: 600;
      font-size: .95rem;
      transition: background .2s, transform .2s;
    }
    .hero .btn-hero-primary:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); transform: translateY(-2px); }
    .hero .btn-hero-outline {
      background: transparent;
      color: #fff;
      border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.35);
      padding: .8rem 2rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-weight: 500;
      font-size: .95rem;
      transition: border-color .2s, background .2s;
    }
    .hero .btn-hero-outline:hover { border-color: #fff; background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); }
    .hero-stat {
      text-align: center;
      background: rgba(255,255,255,.07);
      border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 1.2rem .8rem;
      backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
    }
    .hero-stat .num {
         font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #FFF;
    line-height: 1;
    font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
    }
    .hero-stat .lbl { font-size: 16px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);
    margin-top: .3rem;}



 /* ─── HERO IMAGE SLIDER ─── */
    .hero-slider {
      position: relative;
      height: 620px;
      overflow: hidden;
    }

    /* BG image tracks */
    .hero-bg-track {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      z-index: 0;
    }
    .hero-bg {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      background-size: cover;
      background-position: center;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 1s ease;
      transform: scale(1.06);
      animation: none;
    }
    .hero-bg.active {
      opacity: 1;
      animation: kenburns 7s ease-out forwards;
    }
    @keyframes kenburns {
      from { transform: scale(1.06); }
      to   { transform: scale(1.00); }
    }

    /* dark gradient overlay on each bg */
    .hero-bg::after {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      background: linear-gradient(
        100deg,
        rgba(7,18,31,.82) 0%,
        rgba(7,18,31,.55) 55%,
        rgba(7,18,31,.20) 100%
      );
    }

    /* Content layer */
    .hero-content-track {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      z-index: 2;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
    }
    .hero-slide {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      opacity: 0;
      pointer-events: none;
      transition: opacity .6s ease;
		padding-left: 69px;
    }
    .hero-slide.active {
      opacity: 1;
      pointer-events: auto;
    }
    .hero-slide .slide-inner {
    max-width: 760px;
    }

    /* Slide content anim */
    .hero-slide .slide-inner > * {
      opacity: 0;
      transform: translateY(22px);
      transition: opacity .55s ease, transform .55s ease;
    }
    .hero-slide.active .slide-inner > *:nth-child(1) { opacity:1; transform:none; transition-delay:.35s; }
    .hero-slide.active .slide-inner > *:nth-child(2) { opacity:1; transform:none; transition-delay:.5s; }
    .hero-slide.active .slide-inner > *:nth-child(3) { opacity:1; transform:none; transition-delay:.65s; }
    .hero-slide.active .slide-inner > *:nth-child(4) { opacity:1; transform:none; transition-delay:.8s; }

    .hero-badge {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: .4rem;
      background: rgba(200,150,60,.18);
      border: 1px solid rgba(200,150,60,.55);
      color: var(--gold);
      font-size: .72rem;
      font-weight: 700;
      letter-spacing: .12em;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      padding: .32rem 1rem;
      border-radius: 30px;
      margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
    }
    .hero-slide h1 {
      font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4.5vw, 3.6rem);
      color: #fff;
      line-height: 1.15;
      margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
      text-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.4);
    }
    .hero-slide h1 em { color: var(--gold); font-style: normal; }
    .hero-slide p {
      color: rgba(255,255,255,.82);
      font-size: 1.05rem;
     max-width: 650px;
      line-height: 1.75;
      margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
      text-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
    }
    .hero-btns { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .75rem; }
    .btn-hero-primary {
      background: var(--teal);
      color: #fff;
      border: none;
      padding: .82rem 2.1rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-weight: 600;
      font-size: .95rem;
      transition: background .2s, transform .2s, box-shadow .2s;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: .4rem;
      box-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(14,140,130,.4);
    }
    .btn-hero-primary:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); transform: translateY(-2px); color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(14,140,130,.5); }
    .btn-hero-outline {
      background: rgba(255,255,255,.1);
      backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
      color: #fff;
      border: 1.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,.45);
      padding: .82rem 2rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-weight: 500;
      font-size: .95rem;
      transition: border-color .2s, background .2s;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: inline-block;
    }
    .btn-hero-outline:hover { border-color: #fff; background: rgba(255,255,255,.18); color: #fff; }

    /* ─── SLIDE THUMBNAIL STRIP ─── */
    .slider-thumb-strip {
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
      z-index: 10;
      display: flex;
      align-items: stretch;
    }
    .slider-thumb {
      flex: 1;
      position: relative;
      height: 90px;
      overflow: hidden;
      cursor: pointer;
      border-top: 3px solid transparent;
      transition: border-color .25s;
    }
    .slider-thumb::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      background-size: cover;
      background-position: center;
      filter: brightness(.45) saturate(.6);
      transition: filter .3s;
    }
    .slider-thumb:hover::before,
    .slider-thumb.active::before { filter: brightness(.6) saturate(.9); }
    .slider-thumb.active { border-color: var(--gold); }

    .slider-thumb-label {
      position: absolute;
      inset: 0;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      justify-content: flex-end;
      padding: .55rem .8rem;
      z-index: 1;
    }
    .slider-thumb-label .num {
      font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
      font-size: .7rem;
      color: var(--gold);
      font-weight: 700;
      letter-spacing: .08em;
    }
    .slider-thumb-label .ttl {
      font-size: .75rem;
      color: rgba(255,255,255,.85);
      font-weight: 500;
      line-height: 1.3;
      margin-top: .1rem;
    }

    /* Progress bar */
    .slider-thumb-progress {
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 0; left: 0;
      height: 3px;
      background: var(--gold);
      width: 0%;
      transition: none;
      z-index: 2;
    }

    /* Side arrows */
    .slider-arrow {
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      transform: translateY(-50%);
      z-index: 10;
      width: 46px; height: 46px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      background: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
      backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
      border: 1.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);
      color: #fff;
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background .2s, border-color .2s;
      font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    .slider-arrow:hover { background: var(--teal); border-color: var(--teal); }
    .slider-arrow.prev { left: 24px; }
    .slider-arrow.next { right: 24px; }

    .slider-thumb::before { background-image: var(--bg); }

    @media (max-width: 767px) {
      .hero-slider { height: auto; min-height: 520px; }
      .slider-thumb-strip { display: none; }
      .slider-arrow { width: 36px; height: 36px; font-size: .9rem; }
      .slider-arrow.prev { left: 12px; }
      .slider-arrow.next { right: 12px; }
    }


    /* ─── MARQUEE ─── */
    .announce-bar {
      background: var(--cream);
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
      padding: .65rem 0;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
    .marquee-track {
      display: flex;
      gap: 2.5rem;
      animation: marquee 30s linear infinite;
      white-space: nowrap;
      width: max-content;
    }
    .marquee-track .item {
   font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--navy);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: .5rem;
    }
    .marquee-track .item i { color: var(--teal); }
    @keyframes marquee { from { transform: translateX(0); } to { transform: translateX(-50%); } }

    /* ─── SECTION HEADERS ─── */
    .sec-label {
      font-size: .72rem;
      font-weight: 700;
      letter-spacing: .12em;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--teal);
      margin-bottom: .4rem;
    }
    .sec-title { font-size: 1.9rem; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
    .sec-line {
      width: 48px; height: 3px;
      background: var(--gold);
      border-radius: 2px;
      margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }

    /* ─── JOURNAL CARDS ─── */
    .section-journals { background: var(--cream); padding: 72px 0; }
    .journal-card {
      background: #fff;
      border: 1px solid var(--border);
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 1.4rem;
      height: 100%;
      transition: box-shadow .25s, transform .25s;
      cursor: pointer;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: block;
      color: inherit;
    }
    .journal-card:hover {
      box-shadow: 0 10px 32px rgba(11,31,58,.13);
      transform: translateY(-4px);
      color: inherit;
      text-decoration: none;
    }
    .journal-card .icon-wrap {
      width: 48px; height: 48px;
      border-radius: 10px;
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      font-size: 1.4rem;
      margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    .journal-card h6 { font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--navy);
    margin-bottom: .35rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;}
    .journal-card .tag { font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); }
    .journal-card .arrow { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--teal); margin-top: .7rem; display: inline-block; }

    /* ─── ABOUT ─── */
    .section-about { padding: 80px 0; }
    .about-img-wrap { position: relative; }
    .about-img-wrap img { border-radius: 12px; width: 100%; object-fit: cover; height: 380px; }
    .about-badge {
      position: absolute;
      bottom: -20px;
      right: -20px;
      background: var(--teal);
      color: #fff;
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 1rem 1.3rem;
      text-align: center;
      box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(14,140,130,.3);
    }
    .about-badge .big { font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; line-height: 1; }
    .about-badge .sm { font-size: .72rem; opacity: .85; }
    .reward-item { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: .75rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
    .reward-item i { color: var(--teal); font-size: 1.15rem; flex-shrink: 0; margin-top: 1px; }
    .reward-item span {     font-size: 16px;
    color: #374151;
    line-height: 1.5;}

    /* ─── ARTICLES ─── */
    .section-articles { background: var(--navy); padding: 72px 0; }
    .section-articles .sec-title { color: #fff; }
    .section-articles .sec-label { color: var(--gold); }
    .article-card {
      background: rgba(255,255,255,.05);
      border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);
      border-radius: 10px;
      padding: 1.5rem;
      height: 100%;
      transition: background .2s, border-color .2s;
    }
    .article-card:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.09); border-color: rgba(14,140,130,.5); }
    .article-card .journal-tag {
      font-size: .7rem;
      font-weight: 600;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: .08em;
      color: var(--gold);
      margin-bottom: .6rem;
    }
    .article-card h6 {
   font-size: 17px;
    color: #fff;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: .8rem;
    font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 500;
    }
    .article-card .meta {     font-size: 15px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .45); }
    .article-card .read-link {
     display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: .35rem;
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--teal-lt);
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-top: .9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    }
    .article-card .read-link:hover { color: #fff; }

    /* ─── STATS ─── */
    .section-stats { background: var(--teal); padding: 56px 0; }
    .stat-box { text-align: center; color: #fff; }
    .stat-box .num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.8rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1; }
    .stat-box .lbl { font-size: .82rem; opacity: .8; margin-top: .4rem; }
    .stat-divider { border-left: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25); }

    /* ─── BLOG ─── */
    .section-blog { padding: 72px 0; }
    .blog-card {
      border: 1px solid var(--border);
      border-radius: 12px;
      overflow: hidden;
      transition: box-shadow .25s;
      height: 100%;
    }
    .blog-card:hover { box-shadow: 0 12px 36px rgba(11,31,58,.1); }
    .blog-card img { width: 100%; height: 190px; object-fit: cover; }
    .blog-card .body { padding: 1.3rem; }
    .blog-card .cat { font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; color: var(--teal); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
    .blog-card h6 { font-size: 16px; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: .6rem; font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; }
    .blog-card a { color: var(--teal); font-size: .82rem; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; }
    .blog-card a:hover { color: var(--navy); }

    /* ─── TESTIMONIALS ─── */
    .section-testi { background: var(--cream); padding: 72px 0; }
    .testi-card {
      background: #fff;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 1.8rem;
      border: 1px solid var(--border);
      height: 100%;
    }
    .testi-card .stars { color: var(--gold); font-size: .9rem; margin-bottom: .8rem; }
    .testi-card p { font-size: 16px;
    color: #374151;
    line-height: 1.65;
    font-style: italic;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;}
    .testi-card .author {     font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-size: 15px;}
    .testi-card .jname { font-size: .75rem; color: var(--muted); }

    /* ─── SUBMIT CTA ─── */
    .section-cta {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), #15376b);
      padding: 72px 0;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .section-cta h2 { color: #fff; font-size: 2.2rem; margin-bottom: .8rem; }
    .section-cta p { color: rgba(255,255,255,.7); max-width: 540px; margin: 0 auto 2rem; font-size: 1rem; }
    .btn-cta {
      background: var(--gold);
      color: var(--navy);
      font-weight: 700;
      padding: .9rem 2.5rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      border: none;
      transition: opacity .2s, transform .2s;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: inline-block;
    }
    .btn-cta:hover { opacity: .9; transform: translateY(-2px); color: var(--navy); }
    .btn-cta-outline {
      background: transparent;
      color: #fff;
      border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.35);
      padding: .9rem 2rem;
      border-radius: 5px;
      font-size: 1rem;
      font-weight: 500;
      transition: border-color .2s;
      text-decoration: none;
      display: inline-block;
    }
    .btn-cta-outline:hover { border-color: #fff; color: #fff; }

    /* ─── FOOTER ─── */
    footer {
 background: #2e378d;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);
    padding: 60px 0 28px;
    font-size: 16px;
    }
    footer h6 {
    color: #fff;
    font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 17px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: .1em;
    margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
    }
    footer a { color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); text-decoration: none; display: block; margin-bottom: .5rem; transition: color .2s; }
    footer a:hover { color: var(--teal-lt); }
    footer .footer-logo { filter: brightness(0) invert(1); opacity: .8; height: 44px; }
    footer .divider {     border-color: rgb(255 255 255);
    margin: 2rem 0 1.4rem; }
    footer .copy {      font-size: 15px;
    color: rgb(255 255 255); }
    .social-icon {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      width: 34px; height: 34px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);
      color: rgba(255,255,255,.55) !important;
      font-size: .9rem;
      transition: background .2s, color .2s;
      margin-right: .4rem;
    }
    .social-icon:hover { background: var(--teal); border-color: var(--teal); color: #fff !important; }

    /* ─── UTILITY ─── */
    .bg-teal-soft { background: rgba(14,140,130,.08); }
    .text-teal { color: var(--teal) !important; }
    .text-navy { color: var(--navy) !important; }
    .text-gold { color: var(--gold) !important; }
    .pill {
      display: inline-block;
      padding: .2rem .7rem;
      border-radius: 20px;
      font-size: .7rem;
      font-weight: 600;
    }
    .open-access { background: rgba(14,140,130,.1); color: var(--teal); }
    .pdf-icon img{
            width: 45px;
    margin-bottom: 19px;
    }

    @media (max-width: 767px) {
      .hero { min-height: auto; padding: 60px 0; }
      .about-badge { position: static; margin-top: 1rem; display: inline-block; border-radius: 10px; }
      .stat-divider { border-left: none; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25); padding-top: 2rem; }
    }
    
    .whatsapp-float {
  position: fixed;
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  bottom: 40px;
  left: 40px;
  background-color: #25d366;
  color: #FFF;
  border-radius: 50px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 30px;
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #999;
  z-index: 100;
}

.my-float {
  margin-top: 16px;
}